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Si5013
OC-12/3, STM-4/1 SONET/SDH CDR IC WITH LIMITING AMPLIFIER
Features
High-speed clock and data recovery device with integrated limiting amplifier: Supports OC-12/3, STM-4/1 Loss-of-signal level alarm (R) Data slicing level control DSPLL technology 10 mVPP differential sensitivity Jitter generation 2.3 mUIrms (typ) Small footprint: 5 x 5 mm Reference and reference-less operation supported 3.3 V supply Ordering Information: See page 22.
Applications
SONET/SDH/ATM routers Add/drop multiplexers Digital cross connects Board level serial links SONET/SDH test equipment Optical transceiver modules SONET/SDH regenerators Pin Assignments Si5013
BER_ALM CLKOUT+ DIN- CLKOUT- 21 VDD 20 REXT 19 RESET/CAL 18 VDD 17 DOUT+ 16 DOUT- 15 TDI 8 LTR 9 LOS 10 11 12 13 14 DSQLCH DIN+ VDD VDD CLKDSBL BER_LVL
Description
The Si5013 is a fully-integrated, high-performance limiting amplifier (LA) and clock and data recovery (CDR) IC for high-speed serial communication systems. It derives timing information and data from a serial input at OC-12/3 and STM-4/1 rates. Use of an external reference clock is optional. Silicon Laboratories DSPLL(R) technology eliminates sensitive noise entry points, thus making the PLL less susceptible to board-level interaction and helping to ensure optimal jitter performance. The Si5013 represents a new standard in low jitter, low power, small size, and integration for high-speed LA/CDRs. It operates from a 3.3 V supply over the industrial temperature range (-40 to 85 C).
RATESEL GND LOS_LVL SLICE_LVL REFCLK+ REFCLK- LOL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
28 27 26 25 24 23 22
GND Pad
Functional Block Diagram
LOS_LVL LOS
Signal Detect Retimer
DSQLCH BUF
2
DOUT+ DOUT-
DIN+ DIN-
2
Limiting Amp
DSPLL
BER Monitor
BUF
2
CLKOUT+ CLKOUT- CLK_DSBL
REFCLK+ REFCLK- (Optional)
2
Lock Detection Bias Gen.
Reset/ Calibration
BER_ALM REXT RATESEL RESET/CAL
SLICE_LVL
LTR
BER_LVL
LOL
Rev. 1.6 6/08
Copyright (c) 2008 by Silicon Laboratories
VDD
NC
Si5013
Si5013
2
Rev. 1.6
Si5013 TABLE O F CONTENTS
Section Page
1. Detailed Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 2. Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 3. Typical Application Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4. Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4.1. Limiting Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 4.2. DSPLL(R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 4.3. Multi-Rate Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 4.4. Operation Without an External Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4.5. Operation With an External Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 4.6. Lock Detect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 4.7. Lock-to-Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4.8. Loss-of-Signal (LOS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 4.9. Bit Error Rate (BER) Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4.10. Data Slicing Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4.11. PLL Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4.12. RESET/DSPLL Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.13. Clock Disable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.14. Data Squelch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.15. Device Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.16. Bias Generation Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.17. Voltage Regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.18. Differential Input Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.19. Differential Output Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 5. Pin Descriptions: Si5013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 6. Ordering Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7. Top Mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 8. Package Outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Document Change List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Contact Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Rev. 1.6
3
Si5013
1. Detailed Block Diagram
LOS
BER_LVL
BER_ALM
LTR
RATESEL
DSQLCH
LOS_LVL
Signal Detect
BER Monitor Retime
DOUT+ DOUT-
DIN+
Limiting Amp
Phase Detector
A/D
DSP n
VCO
CLK Dividers
CLKOUT+ CLKOUT-
DIN-
SLICE_LVL
Slicing Control Lock Detection
CLKDSBL
REFCLK (optional) Bias Generation
LOL
REXT
Calibration
RESET/CAL
4
Rev. 1.6
Si5013
2. Electrical Specifications
Table 1. Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter Ambient Temperature Si5013 Supply Voltage2 Symbol TA VDD Test Condition Min1 -40 3.135 Typ 25 3.3 Max1 85 3.465 Unit C V
Notes: 1. All minimum and maximum specifications are guaranteed and apply across the recommended operating conditions. Typical values apply at nominal supply voltages and an operating temperature of 25 C unless otherwise stated. 2. The Si5013 specifications are guaranteed when using the recommended application circuit (including component tolerance) of "3. Typical Application Schematic" on page 11.
V SIG NAL+ SIG NAL- V IS
t A. Operation with Single-Ended Inputs V SIGNAL+ SIGNAL- 0.5 V ID
(SIGNAL+) - (SIG NAL-)
V ID t
B. O peration with Differential Inputs and Outputs
Figure 1. Differential Voltage Measurement (DIN, REFCLK, DOUT, CLKOUT)
t Cf-D DOUT t C r-D
CLK OUT
Figure 2. Clock to Data Timing
Rev. 1.6
5
Si5013
80% 20% tF tR
DOUT, CLKOUT
Figure 3. DOUT and CLKOUT Rise/Fall Times
taq RESET/Cal
LOL
DATAIN
LOL taq
Figure 4. PLL Acquisition Time
DATAIN
LOS Threshold Level
LOS tLOS
Figure 5. LOS Response
6
Rev. 1.6
Si5013
Table 2. DC Characteristics
(VDD = 3.3 V 5%, TA = -40 to 85 C)
Parameter Supply Current1 OC-12 OC-3 Power Dissipation OC-12 OC-3 Common Mode Input Voltage (DIN)2 Common Mode Input Voltage (REFCLK)2 DIN Single-ended Input Voltage Swing2
2 2
Symbol Test Condition IDD
Min -- --
Typ 180 190 594 627 1.50 2.10 -- -- -- -- 100 800 800 1.95 100 -- -- -- -- -- 100 -- --
Max 190 197 657 682 1.62 2.30 500 1000 750 1500 116 1000 1100 2.35 116 .8 -- 10 10 -- 125 0.4 --
Unit mA
PD -- -- VICM VICM VIS VID VIS VID RIN VOD VOD VOCM ROUT VIL VIH IIL IIH RIN RIN VOL VOH IO = 2 mA IO = 2 mA See Figure 11 See Figure 10 See Figure 1A See Figure 1B See Figure 1A See Figure 1B Line-to-Line 100 Load Line-to-Line 100 Load Line-to-Line 100 Load Line-to-Line Single-ended 1.30 1.90 10 10 200 200 84 700 700 1.6 84 -- 2.0 -- -- 10 50 -- 2.0 mW V V mV mV mV mV mVPP mVPP V V V A A k k V V
DIN Differential Input Voltage Swing
REFCLK Single-ended Input Voltage Swing REFCLK Differential Input Voltage Swing2 Input Impedance (DIN) Differential Output Voltage Swing (DOUT) Differential Output Voltage Swing (CLKOUT) Output Common Mode Voltage (DOUT, CLKOUT) Output Impedance (DOUT,CLKOUT) Input Voltage Low (LVTTL Inputs) Input Voltage High (LVTTL Inputs) Input Low Current (LVTTL Inputs) Input High Current (LVTTL Inputs) Input Impedance (LVTTL Inputs) LOS_LVL, BER_LVL, SLICE_LVL Input Impedance Output Voltage Low (LVTTL Outputs) Output Voltage High (LVTTL Outputs)
Notes: 1. No Load on LVTTL outputs. 2. These inputs may be driven differentially or single-endedly. When driven single-endedly, the unused input must be ac coupled to ground.
Rev. 1.6
7
Si5013
Table 3. AC Characteristics (Clock and Data)
(VDD = 3.3 V 5%, TA = -40 to 85 C)
Parameter Output Clock Rate Output Rise Time--OC-12 Output Fall Time--OC-12 Output Clock Duty Cycle-- OC-12/3 Clock to Data Delay OC-12 OC-3 Clock to Data Delay OC-12 OC-3 Input Return Loss Slicing Level Offset (relative to the internally set input common mode voltage) Loss-of-Signal Range* (peak-to-peak differential) Loss-of-Signal Response Time
Symbol fCLK tR tF
Test Condition Rate Sel = 1 Rate Sel = 0 Figure 3 Figure 3
Min 616 154 -- -- 47
Typ -- -- 125 125 50
Max 675 158 155 155 53
Unit MHz ps ps % of UI ps
tCr-D
Figure 2 800 4000 860 4100 35 850 -- 940 4200 70 1000 --
tCf-D
Figure 2 0 800 100 kHz-622 MHz -15 ps dB
VSLICE
SLICE_LVL = 750 mV to 2.25 V
See Figure 8 on page 14.
VLOS tLOS
LOS_LVL = 1.50 to 2.50 V Figure 5 on page 6
0 8
-- 20
40 25
mV s
*Note: Adjustment voltage is calculated as follows: VLOS = (LOS_LVL - 1.50)/25.
8
Rev. 1.6
Si5013
Table 4. AC Characteristics (PLL Characteristics)
(VDD = 3.3 V 5%, TA = -40 to 85 C)
Parameter Jitter Tolerance (OC-12 Mode)*
Symbol JTOL(PP)
Test Condition f = 30 Hz f = 300 Hz f = 25 kHz f = 250 kHz
Min 60 6 4 0.4 60 6 4 0.4 -- -- -- -- --
Typ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.3 20 -- -- 0.03 1.5 60 4.0 13 155.5 77.76 19.44
Max -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 4.0 45 500 130 0.1 2 -- 12 --
Unit UIPP UIPP UIPP UIPP UIPP UIPP UIPP UIPP mUI mUI kHz kHz dB ms s ms ms MHz
Jitter Tolerance (OC-3 Mode)*
JTOL(PP)
f = 30 Hz f = 300 Hz f = 6.5 kHz f = 65 kHz
RMS Jitter Generation* Peak-to-Peak Jitter Generation* Jitter Transfer Bandwidth* Jitter Transfer Peaking* Acquisition Time--OC-12 (Reference clock applied)
JGEN(rms) JGEN(PP) JBW JP TAQ
with no jitter on serial data with no jitter on serial data OC-12 Mode OC-3 Mode
After falling edge of PWRDN/CAL From the return of valid data
-- -- -- --
Acquisition Time--OC-12 (Reference-less operation)
TAQ
After falling edge of PWRDN/CAL From the return of valid data
Reference Clock Range
See "4.4. Operation Without an External Reference" on page 12. CTOL -500 --
Input Reference Clock Frequency Tolerance Frequency Difference at which Receive PLL goes out of Lock (REFCLK compared to the divided down VCO clock)
-- 650
500 --
ppm ppm
*Note: As defined in Bellcore specifications: GR-253-CORE, Issue 3, September 2000. Using PRBS 223 - 1 data pattern.
Rev. 1.6
9
Si5013
Table 5. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter DC Supply Voltage LVTTL Input Voltage Differential Input Voltages Maximum Current any output PIN Operating Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range ESD HBM Tolerance (100 pf, 1.5 k) TJCT TSTG Symbol VDD VDIG VDIF Value -0.5 to 3.5 -0.3 to 3.6 -0.3 to (VDD+ 0.3) 50 -55 to 150 -55 to 150 1 Unit V V V mA C C kV
Note: Permanent device damage may occur if the above Absolute Maximum Ratings are exceeded. Functional operation should be restricted to the conditions as specified in the operational sections of this data sheet. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Table 6. Thermal Characteristics
Parameter Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient Symbol JA Test Condition Still Air Value 38 Unit C/W
10
Rev. 1.6
Si5013
3. Typical Application Schematic
BER Alarm LVTTL Loss-of-Signal Control Inputs Indicator Indicator Loss-of-Lock Indicator
LOL
LTR
CLKDSBL
RATESEL
DSQLCH
High-Speed Serial Input System Reference Clock (Optional)
DIN+ DIN- REFCLK+ REFCLK-
RESET/CAL
BER_ALM
DOUT+ DOUT-
LOS
Recovered Data
Si5013
CLKOUT+ CLKOUT-
Recovered Clock
SLICE_LVL
BER_LVL
LOS_LVL
REXT
100 pF x 4
10 k (1%) Loss-of-Signal Data Slice Level Set Level Set Bit Error Rate Level Set
VDD 0.1 F
Rev. 1.6
GND
VDD
11
Si5013
4. Functional Description
The Si5013 integrates a high-speed limiting amplifier with a multi-rate CDR unit. No external reference clock is required for clock and data recovery. The limiting amplifier magnifies very low-level input data signals so that accurate clock and data recovery can be performed. The CDR uses Silicon Laboratories DSPLL(R) technology to recover a clock synchronous to the input data stream. The recovered clock retimes the incoming data, and both are output synchronously via currentmode logic (CML) drivers. Silicon Laboratories' DSPLL technology ensures superior jitter performance while eliminating the need for external loop filter components found in traditional phase-locked loop (PLL) implementations. The limiting amplifier includes a control input for adjusting the data slicing level and provides a loss-ofsignal level alarm output. The CDR includes a bit error rate performance monitor which signals a high bit error rate condition (associated with excessive incoming jitter) relative to an externally adjustable bit error rate threshold. The optional reference clock minimizes the CDR acquisition time and provides a stable reference for maintaining the output clock when locking to a reference is desired. traditional methods, and it eliminates performance degradation caused by external component aging. In addition, because external loop filter components are not required, sensitive noise entry points are eliminated, thus making the DSPLL less susceptible to board-level noise sources and making SONET/SDH jitter compliance easier to attain in the application.
4.3. Multi-Rate Operation
The Si5013 supports clock and data recovery for OC12/3 and STM-4/1 data streams. Multi-rate operation is achieved by configuring the device to divide down the output of the VCO to the desired data rate. The divide factor is configured by the RATESEL pin. The RATESEL configuration and associated data rates are given in Table 7.
Table 7. Multi-Rate Configuration
RATESEL
1 0
SONET/SDH
622.08 Mbps 155.52 Mbps
4.4. Operation Without an External Reference
The Si5013 can perform clock and data recovery without an external reference clock. Tying the REFCLK+ input to VDD and the REFCLK- input to GND configures the device to operate without an external reference clock. Clock recovery is achieved by monitoring the timing quality of the incoming data relative to the VCO frequency. Lock is maintained by continuously monitoring the incoming data timing quality and adjusting the VCO accordingly. Details of the lock detection and the lock-to-reference functions while in this mode are described in their respective sections below.
Note: Without an external reference the acquisition of data is dependent solely on the data itself and typically requires more time to acquire lock than when a reference is applied.
4.1. Limiting Amplifier
The limiting amplifier accepts the low-level signal output from a transimpedance amplifier (TIA). The low-level signal is amplified to a usable level for the CDR unit. The minimum input swing requirement is specified in Table 2 on page 7. Larger input amplitudes (up to the maximum input swing specified in Table 2) are accommodated without degradation of performance. The limiting amplifier ensures optimal data slicing by using a digital dc offset cancellation technique to remove any dc bias introduced by the amplification stage.
4.2. DSPLL(R)
The Si5013 PLL structure (shown in the "1. Detailed Block Diagram" on page 4) utilizes Silicon Laboratories' DSPLL technology to maintain superior jitter performance while eliminating the need for external loop filter components found in traditional PLL implementations. This is achieved using a digital signal processing (DSP) algorithm to replace the loop filter commonly found in analog PLL designs. This algorithm processes the phase detector error term and generates a digital control value to adjust the frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). This technology enables CDR with far less jitter than is generated using
4.5. Operation With an External Reference
The Si5013 can also perform clock and data recovery with an external reference. The device's optional external reference clock centers the DSPLL, minimizes the acquisition time, and maintains a stable output clock (CLKOUT) when lock-to-reference (LTR) is asserted. When the reference clock is present, the Si5013 uses the reference clock to center the VCO output frequency so that clock and data is recovered from the input data stream. The device self configures for operation with one of three reference clock frequencies. This
12
Rev. 1.6
Si5013
eliminates the need to externally configure the device to operate with a particular reference clock. The REFCLK frequency should be 19.44, 77.76, or 155.52 MHz with a frequency accuracy of 100 ppm.
4.8. Loss-of-Signal (LOS)
The Si5013 indicates a loss-of-signal condition on the LOS output pin when the input peak-to-peak signal level on DIN falls below an externally controlled threshold. The LOS threshold range is specified in Table 3 on page 8 and is set by applying a voltage on the LOS_LVL pin. The graph in Figure 6 illustrates the LOS_LVL mapping to the LOS threshold. The LOS output is asserted when the input signal drops below the programmed peak-to-peak value. If desired, the LOS function may be disabled by grounding LOS_LVL or by adjusting LOS_LVL to be less than 1 V.
Note: The LOS circuit is designed to only work with pseudorandom, dc-balanced data.
4.6. Lock Detect
The Si5013 provides lock-detect circuitry that indicates whether the PLL has achieved frequency lock with the incoming data. The operation of the lock-detector depends on the reference clock option used. When an external reference clock is provided, the circuit compares the frequency of a divided-down version of the recovered clock with the frequency of the applied reference clock (REFCLK). If the recovered clock frequency deviates from that of the reference clock by the amount specified in Table 4 on page 9, the PLL is declared out of lock, and the loss-of-lock (LOL) pin is asserted. In this state, the PLL will periodically try to reacquire lock with the incoming data stream. During reacquisition, the recovered clock frequency (CLKOUT) drifts over a 600 ppm range relative to the applied reference clock and the LOL output alarm may toggle until the PLL has reacquired frequency lock. Due to the low noise and stability of the DSPLL, there is the possibility that the PLL will not drift enough to render an out-of-lock condition, even if the data is removed from inputs. In applications requiring a more stable output clock during out-of-lock conditions, the lock-to-reference (LTR) input can be used to force the PLL to lock to the externally supplied reference. In the absence of an external reference, the lock detect circuitry uses a data quality measure to determine when frequency lock has been lost with the incoming data stream. During reacquisition, CLKOUT may vary by approximately 10% from the nominal data rate.
40 mV
LOS Threshold (mVPP)
30 mV
LOS Disabled
15 mV
LOS Undefined
40mV/V
0 mV 0V 1.00 V 1.50 V
LOS Limited by Device Noise
1.875 V
2.25 V
2.50 V
LOS_LVL (V)
Figure 6. LOS_LVL Mapping
R1
3
LOS_LVL Si5013 CDR LOS 9
LOS Alarm
Set LOS Level
R2 10k
4.7. Lock-to-Reference
The LTR input can be used to force a stable output clock when an alarm condition, like LOS, exists. In typical applications, the LOS output is tied to the LTR input to force a stable output clock when the input data signal is lost. When LTR is asserted, the DSPLL is prevented from acquiring the data signal present on DIN. The operation of the LTR control input depends on which reference clocking mode is used. When an external reference clock is present, assertion of LTR forces the DSPLL to lock CLKOUT to the provided reference. If no external reference clock is used, LTR forces the DSPLL to hold the digital frequency control input to the VCO at the last value. This produces a stable output clock as long as supply and temperature are constant.
Figure 7. LOS Signal Hysteresis
In many applications it is desirable to produce a fixed amount of signal hysteresis for an alarm indicator such as LOS, since a marginal data input signal could cause intermittent toggling, leading to false alarm status. When it is anticipated that very low-level DIN signals will be encountered, the introduction of an adequate amount of LOS hysteresis is recommended to minimize any undesirable LOS signal toggling. Figure 7 illustrates a simple circuit that may be used to set a fixed level of
13
Rev. 1.6
Si5013
LOS signal hysteresis for the Si5013 CDR. The value of R1 may be chosen to provide a range of hysteresis from 3 to 8 dB where a nominal value of 800 adjusts the hysteresis level to approximately 6 dB. Use a value of 500 or 1000 for R1 to provide 3 dB or 8 dB of hysteresis, respectively. Hysteresis is defined as the ratio of the LOS deassert level (LOSD) and the LOS assert level (LOSA). The hysteresis in decibels is calculated as 20log(LOSD/ LOSA).
4.10. Data Slicing Level
The Si5013 provides the ability to externally adjust the slicing level for applications that require bit error rate (BER) optimization. Adjustments in slicing level of 15 mV (typical, relative to the internally set input common mode voltage) are supported. The slicing level is set by applying a voltage between 0.75 and 2.25 V to the SLICE_LVL input. See Figure 8 for the operation levels of the slice circuit. When SLICE_LVL is driven below 500 mV, the slicing level adjustment is disabled, and the slicing level is set to the cross-point of the differential input signal.
Note: The slice circuit is designed to only work with pseudorandom, dc-balanced data.
4.9. Bit Error Rate (BER) Detection
The Si5013 uses a proprietary Silicon Laboratories algorithm to generate a bit-error-rate (BER) alarm on the BER_ALM pin if the observed BER is greater than a user programmable threshold. Bit error detection relies on the input data edge timing; edges occurring outside of the expected event window are counted as bit errors. The BER threshold is programmed by applying a voltage to the BER_LVL pin between 500 mV and 2.25 V corresponding to a BER of approximately 10-10 and 10-6, respectively. The voltage present on BER_LVL maps to the BER as follows: log10(BER) = (4 x BER_LVL) - 13. (BER_LVL is in volts; BER is in bits per second.).
4.11. PLL Performance
The PLL implementation used in the Si5013 is fully compliant with the jitter specifications proposed for SONET/SDH equipment by Bellcore GR-253-CORE, Issue 3, September 2000 and ITU-T G.958. 4.11.1. Jitter Tolerance The Si5013's tolerance to input jitter exceeds that of the Bellcore/ITU mask shown in Figure 8. This mask defines the level of peak-to-peak sinusoid jitter that must be tolerated when applied to the differential data input of the device.
25 20 15 10
Slice Disabled
10 mV
5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 0.00
Not Specified
Upper Limit
Typical
10 mV
Note: SLICE is a continuous curve. This chart shows the range of results from part-to-part. Lower Limit
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
Figure 8. OC-12 and OC-3 Slice Specification
14
Rev. 1.6
Si5013
4.11.2. Jitter Transfer The Si5013 exceeds all relevant Bellcore/ITU specifications related to SONET/SDH jitter transfer. Jitter transfer is defined as the ratio of output signal jitter to input signal jitter as a function of jitter frequency. These measurements are made with an input test signal that is degraded with sinusoidal jitter whose magnitude is defined by the mask in Figure 9.
Jitter Transfer
positive and negative terminals of CLKOUT are tied to VDD through 100 on-chip resistors.
4.14. Data Squelch
The Si5013 provides a data squelching pin (DSQLCH) that is used to set the recovered data output (DOUT) to binary zero. When the DSQLCH pin is asserted, the DOUT+ signal is held low and the DOUT- signal is held high. This pin can be is used to squelch corrupt data during LOS and LOL situations. Care must be taken when ac coupling these outputs; a long string of zeros or ones will not be held through ac coupling capacitors.
0.1 dB
20 dB/Decade Slope Acceptable Range
4.15. Device Grounding
The Si5013 uses the GND pad on the bottom of the 28pin micro leaded package (QFN) for device ground. This pad should be connected directly to the analog supply ground. See Figure 15 on page 19 and Figure 16 on page 23 for the ground (GND) pad location.
Fc Frequency SONET Data Rate OC-12 OC-3 Fc (kHz) 500 130
4.16. Bias Generation Circuitry
The Si5013 makes use of an external resistor to set internal bias currents. The external resistor allows precise generation of bias currents which significantly reduces power consumption versus traditional implementations that use an internal resistor. The bias generation circuitry requires a 10 k (1%) resistor connected between REXT and GND.
Figure 9. Jitter Transfer Specification
4.11.3. Jitter Generation The Si5013 exceeds all relevant specifications for jitter generation proposed for SONET/SDH equipment. The jitter generation specification defines the amount of jitter that may be present on the recovered clock and data outputs when a jitter free input signal is provided. The Si5013 typically generates less than 3.0 mUIrms of jitter when presented with jitter-free input data.
4.17. Voltage Regulator
The Si5013 operates from a 3.3 V external supply voltage. Internally the device operates from a 2.5 V supply. The Si5013 regulates 2.5 V internally down from the external 3.3 V supply. In addition to supporting 3.3 V systems, the on-chip linear regulator offers better power supply noise rejection versus a direct 2.5 V supply.
4.12. RESET/DSPLL Calibration
The Si5013 achieves optimal jitter performance by automatically calibrating the loop gain parameters within the DSPLL on powerup. Calibration may also be initiated by a high-to-low transition on the RESET/CAL pin. The RESET/CAL pin must be held high for at least 1 s. When RESET/CAL is released (set to low) the digital logic resets to a known initial condition, recalibrates the DSPLL, and begins to lock to the incoming data stream. For a valid reset to occur when using Reference mode, a proper, external reference clock frequency must be applied.
4.18. Differential Input Circuitry
The Si5013 provides differential inputs for both the highspeed data (DIN) and the reference clock (REFCLK) inputs. An example termination for these inputs is shown in Figures 10 and 11, respectively. In applications where direct dc coupling is possible, the 0.1 F capacitors may be omitted. (LOS operation is only guaranteed when ac coupled.) The data input limiting amplifier requires an input signal with a differential peak-to-peak voltage as specified in Table 2 on page 7 to ensure a BER of at least 10-12. The REFCLK input differential peak-to-peak voltage requirement is also specified in Table 2.
4.13. Clock Disable
The Si5013 provides a clock disable pin (CLK_DSBL) that is used to disable the recovered clock output (CLKOUT). When the CLK_DSBL pin is asserted, the
Rev. 1.6
15
Si5013
Si5013 Clock source
2.5 k 0.1 F Zo = 50 RFCLK+ 100 0.1 F Zo = 50 10 k 2.5 k
2.5 V (5%)
RFCLK- 10 k
GND
Figure 10. Input Termination for REFCLK (ac coupled)
TIA
0.1 F Zo = 50
Si5013 2.5 V (5%)
DIN+
50
5 k
0.1 F
50 Zo = 50 DIN-
7.5 k
GND
Figure 11. Input Termination for DIN (ac coupled)
16
Rev. 1.6
Si5013
Si5013 2.5 V (5%)
2.5 k 0.1 F Zo = 50 RFCLK + 10 k 50 RFCLK - 10 k 0.1 F 2.5 k
Clock source
GND
Figure 12. Single-Ended Input Termination for REFCLK (ac coupled)
Si5013 Signal source
0.1 F Zo = 50 DIN+ 50 100 50 DIN- 7.5 k 5 k
2.5 V (5%)
0.1 F
GND
Figure 13. Single-Ended Input Termination for DIN (ac coupled)
Rev. 1.6
17
Si5013
4.19. Differential Output Circuitry
The Si5013 utilizes a current-mode logic (CML) architecture to output both the recovered clock (CLKOUT) and data (DOUT). An example of output termination with ac coupling is shown in Figure 14. In applications in which direct dc coupling is possible, the 0.1 F capacitors may be omitted. The differential peak-to-peak voltage swing of the CML architecture is specified in Table 2 on page 7.
Si5013 2.5 V (5%)
100
VDD
50
DOUT+, CLKOUT+
0.1 F
Zo = 50
DOUT-, CLKOUT-
0.1 F
Zo = 50
100
2.5 V (5%)
50
VDD
Figure 14. Output Termination for DOUT and CLKOUT (ac coupled)
18
Rev. 1.6
Si5013
5. Pin Descriptions: Si5013
BER_ALM CLKOUT+ DIN- CLKOUT- 21 VDD 20 REXT 19 RESET/CAL 18 VDD 17 DOUT+ 16 DOUT- 15 TDI 8 LTR 9 LOS 10 11 12 13 14 DSQLCH VDD DIN+ VDD CLKDSBL BER_LVL
28 27 26 25 24 23 22 RATESEL GND LOS_LVL SLICE_LVL REFCLK+ REFCLK- LOL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
GND Pad
Figure 15. Si5013 Pin Configuration Table 8. Si5013 Pin Descriptions
Pin # 1 Pin Name RATESEL I/O I Signal Level LVTTL Data Rate Select. This pin configures the onboard PLL for clock and data recovery at one of two user selectable data rates. See Table 7 for configuration settings.
Notes: 1. This input has a weak internal pullup. 2. After any change in RATESEL, the device must be reset.
VDD
NC
Description
3
LOS_LVL
I
LOS Level Control. The LOS threshold is set by the input voltage level applied to this pin. Figure 6 on page 13 shows the input setting to output threshold mapping. LOS is disabled when the voltage applied is less than 1 V.
4
SLICE_LVL
I
Slicing Level Control. The slicing threshold level is set by applying a voltage to this pin as described in the Slicing Level section of the data sheet. If this pin is tied to GND, slicing level adjustment is disabled, and the slicing level is set to the midpoint of the differential input signal on DIN. Slicing level becomes active when the voltage applied to the pin is greater than 500 mV.
Rev. 1.6
19
Si5013
Table 8. Si5013 Pin Descriptions (Continued)
Pin # 5 6 Pin Name REFCLK+ REFCLK- I/O I Signal Level See Table 2 Description Differential Reference Clock (Optional). When present, the reference clock sets the center operating frequency of the DSPLL for clock and data recovery. Tie REFCLK+ to VDD and REFCLK- to GND to operate without an external reference clock. See Table 7 on page 12 for typical reference clock frequencies. O LVTTL Loss-of-Lock. This output is driven low when the recovered clock frequency deviates from the reference clock by the amount specified in Table 4 on page 9. If no external reference is supplied, this signal will be active when the internal PLL is no longer locked to the incoming data. 8 LTR I LVTTL Lock-to-Reference. When this pin is low, the DSPLL disregards the data inputs. If an external reference is supplied, the output clock locks to the supplied reference. If no external reference is used, the DSPLL locks the control loop until LTR is released.
Note: This input has a weak internal pullup.
7
LOL
9
LOS
O
LVTTL
Loss-of-Signal. This output pin is driven low when the input signal is below the threshold set via LOS_LVL. (LOS operation is guaranteed only when ac coupling is used on the DIN inputs.)
10
DSQLCH
LVTTL
Data Squelch. When driven high, this pin forces the data present on DOUT+ to zero and DOUT- to one. For normal operation, this pin should be low. DSQLCH may be used during LOS/LOL conditions to prevent random data from being presented to the system.
Note: This input has a weak internal pulldown.
11,14,18,21, 25 12 13
VDD DIN+ DIN- I
3.3 V See Table 2
Supply Voltage. Nominally 3.3 V. Differential Data Input. Clock and data are recovered from the differential signal present on these pins. AC coupling is recommended.
15
GND
GND
Production Test Input. This pin is used during production testing and must be tied to GND for normal operation.
20
Rev. 1.6
Si5013
Table 8. Si5013 Pin Descriptions (Continued)
Pin # 16 17 19 Pin Name DOUT- DOUT+ RESET/CAL I/O O Signal Level CML Description Differential Data Output. The data output signal is a retimed version of the data recovered from the signal present on DIN. I LVTTL Reset/Calibrate. Driving this input high for at least 1 s will reset internal device circuitry. A high to low transition on this pin will force a DSPLL calibration. For normal operation, drive this pin low.
Note: This input has a weak internal pulldown.
20
REXT
External Bias Resistor. This resistor is used to establish internal bias currents within the device. This pin must be connected to GND through a 10 k (1%) resistor.
22 23
CLKOUT- CLKOUT+
O
CML
Differential Clock Output. The output clock is recovered from the data signal present on DIN except when LTR is asserted or the LOL state has been entered.
24
CLKDSBL
I
LVTTL
Clock Disable. When this input is high, the CLKOUT output drivers are disabled. For normal operation, this pin should be low.
Note: This input has a weak internal pulldown.
26
BER_LVL
I
Bit Error Rate Level Control. The BER threshold level is set by applying a voltage to this pin. When the BER exceeds the programmed threshold, BER_ALM is driven low. If this pin is tied to GND, BER_ALM is disabled. There is no hysteresis.
27
BER_ALM
O
LVTTL
Bit Error Rate Alarm. This pin will be driven low to indicate that the BER threshold set by BER_LVL has been exceeded. The alarm will clear after the BER rate has improved by approximately a factor of 2.
28 GND Pad, 2
NC GND GND
No Connect. Leave this pin disconnected. Supply Ground. Nominally 0.0 V. The GND pad found on the bottom of the 28-lead QFN (see Figure 16 on page 23) must be connected directly to supply ground. Minimize the ground path inductance for optimal performance.
Rev. 1.6
21
Si5013
6. Ordering Guide
Part Number Si5013-X-GM Package 28-lead QFN Voltage 3.3 Pb-Free Yes Temperature -40 to 85 C
Notes: 1. "X" denotes product revision. 2. Add an "R" at the end of the device to denote tape and reel option; 2500 quantity per reel. 3. These devices use a NiPdAu pre-plated finish on the leads that is fully RoHS6 compliant while being fully compatible with both leaded and lead-free card assembly processes.
7. Top Mark
Part Number Si5013
Die Revision--Device Type D-GM
Assembly Date (YYWW) YY = Year WW = Work week
22
Rev. 1.6
Si5013
8. Package Outline
Figure 16 illustrates the package details for the Si5013. Table 9 lists the values for the dimensions shown in the illustration. For a pad layout recommendation please contact Silicon Laboratories.
Figure 16. 28-Lead Quad Flat No-Lead (QFN) Table 9. Package Diagram Dimensions
Controlling Dimension: mm Symbol Min A 0.80 A1 0.00 b 0.18 D D2 2.95 e E E2 2.95 L 0.50 0 aaa bbb ccc ddd eee Millimeters Nom 0.85 0.02 0.25 5.00 BSC 3.10 0.50 BSC 5.00 BSC 3.10 0.60 -- 0.10 0.10 0.08 0.10 0.05
Max 0.90 0.05 0.30 3.25
3.25 0.70 12
Notes: 1. 1.All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994. 3. This drawing conforms to JEDEC outline MO-220, variation VHHD-1. 4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020C specification for Small Body Components.
Rev. 1.6
23
Si5013
DOCUMENT CHANGE LIST
Revision 0.2 to Revision 1.0
Added Figure 4, "PLL Acquisition Time," on page 6. Table 2 on page 7
Updated values: Supply Current Updated values: Power Dissipation Updated values: Common Mode Input Voltage (REFCLK) Updated values: Output Common Mode Voltage values.
Updated Table 8 on page 19.
Changed "clock input" to "DIN inputs" for Loss Of Signal
Updated Figure 16, "28-Lead Quad Flat No-Lead (QFN)," on page 23. Updated Table 9, "Package Diagram Dimensions," on page 23.
Changed dimension A. Changed dimension E2.
Revision 1.2 to Revision 1.3
Updated Figure 16, "28-Lead Quad Flat No-Lead (QFN)," on page 23. Updated Table 9, "Package Diagram Dimensions," on page 23.
Table 3 on page 8
Updated values: Output Clock Rise Time Updated values: Output Clock Fall Time Updated values: Clock to Data Delay tCf-D
Table 4 on page 9
Updated values: Jitter Tolerance (OC-12) Updated values: RMS Jitter Generation Updated values: Peak-to-Peak Jitter Generation Updated values: Acquisition Time (reference clock applied) Updated values: Acquisition Time (reference-less operation) Updated values: Freq Difference at which Receive PLL goes out of Lock Updated values: Freq Difference at which Receive PLL goes into Lock
Revision 1.3 to Revision 1.4
Updated " Features" on page 1. Table 2 on page 7.
Updated supply current values. Updated power dissipation values. Updated differential output voltage swing (DOUT and CLKOUT).
Table 3 on page 8.
Added output clock rate values. Updated duty cycle values. Updated slice accuracy values.
Removed "Hysteresis Dependency" Figure. Added Figure 7, "LOS Signal Hysteresis," on page 13. Corrected error: Table 8 on page 19--changed description for LOS_LVL from "LOS is disabled when the voltage applied is less than 500 mV" to "LOS is disabled when the voltage applied is less than 1.0 V."
Table 4 on page 9.
Updated jitter tolerance values (OC-12 mode). Updated acquisition time values. Updated reference clocks range. Updated reference clocks tolerance.
"3. Typical Application Schematic" on page 11.
Added 1% to Rext.
Revision 1.0 to Revision 1.1
Corrected "Revision 0.2 to Revision 1.0" Change List. Table 4 on page 9
Updated values: Jitter Tolerance (OC-3)
"4.11. PLL Performance" on page 14.
Removed OC-24 note.
Table 8 on page 19.
Added no-hysteresis text to BER_LVL.
Updated "6. Ordering Guide" on page 22.
Added "X" to part number.
Revision 1.1 to Revision 1.2
Added Figure 5, "LOS Response," on page 6. Updated Table 2 on page 7.
Added "Output Common Mode Voltage (DOUT)" with updated values. Added "Output Common Mode Voltage (CLKOUT)" with updated values.
Revision 1.4 to Revision 1.5
Updated Table 2 on page 7.
Added limits for VICM. Updated VOD.
Updated Table 3 on page 8.
Updated TCr-D. Updated TCf-D. Revised SLICE specification.
Updated Table 3 on page 8.
Added "Output Clock Duty Cycle--OC-12/3." Added "Loss-of-Signal Response Time" with updated
Updated "4.8. Loss-of-Signal (LOS)" on page 13.
24
Rev. 1.6
Si5013
Added note describing valid signal. Revised Figure 6, "LOS_LVL Mapping," on page 13.
Updated "4.10. Data Slicing Level" on page 14.
Added Figure 8 on page 14. Revised text.
Revision 1.5 to Revision 1.6
Added "7. Top Mark" on page 22. Updated "8. Package Outline" on page 23.
Rev. 1.6
25
Si5013
CONTACT INFORMATION
Silicon Laboratories Inc. 400 West Cesar Chavez Austin, TX 7801 Tel: 1+(512) 416-8500 Fax: 1+(512) 416-9669 Toll Free: 1+(877) 444-3032 Email: HighSpeed@silabs.com Internet: www.silabs.com
The information in this document is believed to be accurate in all respects at the time of publication but is subject to change without notice. Silicon Laboratories assumes no responsibility for errors and omissions, and disclaims responsibility for any consequences resulting from the use of information included herein. Additionally, Silicon Laboratories assumes no responsibility for the functioning of undescribed features or parameters. Silicon Laboratories reserves the right to make changes without further notice. Silicon Laboratories makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Silicon Laboratories assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. Silicon Laboratories products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use in applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Silicon Laboratories product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Silicon Laboratories products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Silicon Laboratories harmless against all claims and damages. Silicon Laboratories, Silicon Labs, and DSPLL are trademarks of Silicon Laboratories Inc. Other products or brandnames mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
26
Rev. 1.6

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